Phi Learning — WorldWiseKids
Art & Craft

Elements of Art

Line, shape, form, color, value, texture, and space.

3 lessons in this unit.

Learning goals
  • the learner can name and draw the five basic types of lines: straight, curved, zigzag, thick, and thin
  • the learner can tell the difference between geometric shapes and organic shapes
  • the learner can point out lines and shapes in familiar objects and artworks
  • the learner can use varied lines deliberately to create a simple composition
Key ideas
Line
A line is a mark that is longer than it is wide, and artists use it to outline shapes, show movement, or create patterns.
Geometric shape
A geometric shape has precise edges and clear rules, like a circle, square, or triangle.
Organic shape
An organic shape has a flowing, irregular outline like a leaf, cloud, or puddle — it comes from nature rather than a ruler.
Contour line
A contour line traces the outer edge of an object to show exactly what its shape looks like.
Form
Form is shape with depth — the three-dimensional cousin of a flat shape. A circle is a shape; a ball is a form you could pick up and turn around.
Hands-on activity
Line Zoo
white paper or a paper bagpencilblack marker or crayonruler (optional)
  1. Ask the child to draw five rows across the paper, each row showing a different type of line: straight, curved, zigzag, wavy, and dotted.
  2. In each row, have the child practice making that line thick, then thin, to see how line weight changes the feeling.
  3. Together, use a mix of those lines to draw a simple animal or plant using only contour lines — no shading yet.
  4. Walk around the room and find three objects that contain geometric shapes and three that look more organic; have the child sketch one of each.
  5. Let the child label each shape on their sketch as 'geometric' or 'organic' in their own handwriting.
Teaching tips
  • If the child struggles to see organic shapes, hold up a leaf or crumpled paper towel and trace its silhouette in the air together before drawing.
  • Praise line variety over perfection — a wobbly zigzag that was intentional is more valuable at this stage than a flawless straight line.